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The 42 Martyrs of Amorium ((ギリシア語:οἰ ἅγιοι μβ′ μάρτυρες τοῦ Ἀμορίου)) were a group of Byzantine senior officials taken prisoner by the Abbasid Caliphate in the Sack of Amorium in 838 and executed in 845, after refusing to convert to Islam. They are commemorated by the Eastern Orthodox Church on March 6. == Events == In 838, the Abbasid Caliph al-Mu'tasim led a major campaign against the Byzantine Empire that ended in the sack of the city of Amorium, the capital of the Anatolic Theme and birthplace of the reigning Byzantine Amorian dynasty. Following the sack, 42 officers and notables of Amorium were taken as hostages to Samarra, then the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. Repeated efforts by Emperor Theophilos and, after his death in 842, by Michael III and Empress-regent Theodora, to ransom them were rebuffed by the caliphs. After refusing to convert to Islam, they were executed at Samarra on 6 March 845. Only a few of the 42 are known by name: * Theodore Krateros, a court eunuch and possibly ''strategos'' of the Bucellarian Theme, regarded as the leader of the 42 in the hagiographic texts. * the ''patrikios'' Aetios, the ''strategos'' of the Anatolic Theme. * the ''patrikios'' Theophilos, otherwise unknown. * the ''magistros'' Constantine Baboutzikos, husband of Empress Theodora's sister and thereby apparently the highest-ranking of the prisoners. He was the first to be proposed to convert to Islam, and possibly also the first to be executed after refusing. * Bassoes, identified as a "runner", otherwise unknown. * Kallistos, possibly a member of the Melissenos family. An obscure ''patrikios'' and ''tourmarches'' according to the chroniclers, he is given an extensive biography by the hagiographies, where he is portrayed as rising from imperial ''spatharios'' to ''komes'' of the ''Scholai'' and finally ''doux'' of Koloneia, before being taken prisoner by Paulician soldiers under his command and delivered to the Abbasids, who placed him among the captives of Amorium. * Constantine, secretary (''notarios'' or ''hypographeus'') of Constantine Baboutzikos. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「42 Martyrs of Amorium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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